初中应掌握的语法知识

初一英语语法重点：宾语从句

无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：
 
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：

Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?

The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西.

I don't know which belongs to my father.

2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法*好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。

3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)。如：
 
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?

4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：

Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

初一英语语法重点：定语从句

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：

This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.

Do you know everybody who came to the party?

I still remember the night when I first came to the village?

This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.

初一英语语法重点：疑问句

四类，一般疑问句通常用yes或no来回答，所以又叫做是非疑问句。在读这种句子时要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型：

1)be+主语+表语

2)情态动词+主语言+行为动词（或be）

3)助动词（do,does,did）+主语+行为动词

4)特殊疑问句的结构：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句

初一英语语法重点：不规则变化

原级 比较级 最高级

good/well better best

bad worse worst

many/much more most

little less least

far farther/further farthest/furthest

注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。

形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。